Most Important Topics in Physics for AIIMS Exam

Units

Topics

Physics and Measurement

S I units, accuracy, and precision of measuring instruments, Dimensions of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.

Kinematics

Position-time graph, Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position- time graphs, Scalar and Vector products, Relative Velocity, Projectile Motion, Uniform circular motion

Laws of Motion

Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion; Impulse; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum, rolling friction, Centripetal force.

Work, Energy and Power

Work done by a constant force and a variable force; Potential energy of a spring, conservation of mechanical energy, Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Rotational Motion

Centre of mass of a rigid body; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications; radius of gyration; parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications; equations of rotational motion.

Gravitation

Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Escape velocity. Orbital velocity of a satellite.

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s Law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pascal’s law and its applications. Stokes’ law; Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer- conduction, convection and radiation, Newton’s law of cooling.

Thermodynamics

Zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature. Heat, work and internal energy. Carnot engine and its efficiency.

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas. Kinetic energy and temperature: rms speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of energy,applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Avogadro’s number.

Oscillations and Waves

Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation;  oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant, time period, forced and damped oscillations, resonance.

Displacement relation for a progressive wave, Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, Doppler effect in sound

Units

Topics

Electrostatics

Electric field, superposition principle and continuous charge distribution, electric field lines, Electric flux, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field, Applications of Gauss’s theorem, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside), potential difference, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. the combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, Van de Graaff generator, energy stored in a capacitor.

Current Electricity

Drift velocity and mobility, Ohm’s law, color code for carbon resistors; temperature dependence of resistance, series and parallel combinations of resistors; combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Meter Bridge, Wheatstone bridge, Potentiometer-principle

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Oersted’s experiment, Concept of the magnetic field. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Cyclotron, Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of the ampere. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; and moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity, conversion to ammeter and voltmeter, the Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis.; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field , magnetic field lines; Para-, dia-and Ferromagnetic substances, Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements, Permanent magnets, Electromagnetic and factors affecting their strength.

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Faraday’s law, Electromagnetic induction; induced emf and current; Eddy currents, Lenz’s Law, reactance and impedance; peak and RMS value of alternating current/ voltage; LC oscillations, resonance; LCR series circuit, power in AC circuits, AC generator and transformer.

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only), Need for displacement current, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, infrared, microwaves, visible, x-rays, ultraviolet, gamma rays)

Optics

Mirror formula, refraction at spherical surfaces, total internal reflection, lens-maker’s formula. combination of thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror, power of a lens, Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism, Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers, correction of eye defects (myopia and hypermetropia) using lenses, Young’s double hole experiment and expression for fringe, coherent sources and sustained interference of light, of central maximum, Polarization.

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

The Photoelectric effect, Davisson-Germer experiment, de Broglie relation.

Atoms and Nuclei

Bohr model; beta and gamma particles/rays, decay law, Mass-energy relation, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, mass defect

Electronic Devices

Diode as a rectifier; semiconductor diode- I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, I-V characteristics of LED, Junction transistor, Zener diode as a voltage regulator, transistor action, transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (AND, OR, NAND, NOT, and NOR).