Most Important Topics in Chemistry for AIIMS Exam

By Neetu Pathak|Updated : May 14th, 2019

AIIMS 2019 Exam will be conducted on 25th and 26th May. It will include questions from Physics, Chemistry, Biology and General Knowledge. An important aspect of this examination is that there is an equal weight-age to Physics, Chemistry and Biology (60 questions from each section) which is somewhat different from NEET 2018, where Biology accounted for 90 questions, Physics and chemistry with 45 questions respectively. That means Physics and Chemistry is as important as Biology for AIIMS.

Keeping this in mind, we have assembled the list of all important topics to revise in Chemistry

 

Units

Topics

Some Basic concepts in Chemistry

Dalton’s atomic theory; mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, Chemical equations and stoichiometry.

States of Matter

Gas laws and Ideal gas equation, Bragg’s Law and its applications; Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc and hcp lattices), voids, defects

Atomic Structure

Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of atomic orbitals as one electron wave functions; Variation of  Ψ and Ψ2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; shapes of s, p and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number; Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Ionic Bonding: factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.

Covalent Bonding: Fajan’s rule, dipole moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and shapes of simple molecules.

Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond theory - Its important features, concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals; Resonance.

Molecular Orbital Theory - types of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules

Chemical Thermodynamics

First law of thermodynamics: heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization.

Second law of thermodynamics: ΔS of the universe and ΔG of the system as criteria for spontaneity, ΔGo (Standard Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant.

Solutions

Concentrations, Raoult’s Law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure - composition, Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties; van’t Hoff factor.

Equilibrium

Equilibria involving physical processes: Henry’s law

Equilibria involving chemical processes: equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure, temperature, Le Chatelier’s principle.

Ionic equilibrium: concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted - Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization

Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry

oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions.

Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, Electrochemical cells - emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement; Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change; Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells

Chemical Kinetics



elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and integral forms of zero and first order reactions, Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its calculation

Surface Chemistry

Adsorption -factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids - Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms

Catalysis - enzyme catalysis and its mechanism.

Colloidal state - multi molecular, macromolecular and associated colloids (micelles), properties of colloids - Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation and flocculation

 

Inorganic Chemistry Topics for AIIMS

 

Units

Topics

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

periodic trends in properties of elements; ­atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity.

General Principles and Process of Isolation of Metals

steps involved in the extraction of metals - concentration, reduction (chemical. and electrolytic methods); extraction of Ag, Au, Al, Cu, Zn and Fe

Hydrogen

preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; Structure, preparation, reactions and uses of hydrogen peroxide;

s - Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)


anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationships.

P- Block Elements

Electronic configuration and general trends in physical and chemical properties of elements across the periods and down the groups

d – and f – Block Elements

electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements ; lanthanoids and actinoids

Co-ordination Compounds

Werner’s theory; isomerism; Importance of coordination compounds

Environmental Chemistry

Gaseous pollutants: Green house effect and Global warming; Acid rain; Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention.

 

Organic Chemistry for AIIMS

 

Units

Topics

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

Quantitative analysis (basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus.

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

hybridization (s and p); Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.

Hydrocarbons

Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes; Markownikoff’s and peroxide effect; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation, nitration, Friedel - Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene.

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

Properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: electrophilic substitution reactions: halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

Aldehyde and Ketones: Nucleophilic addition reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); aldol condensation

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Amines: identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character.

Polymers

some important polymers with emphasis on their monomers and uses - polythene, nylon, polyester and bakelite.

Biomolecules

monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose); denaturation of proteins, enzymes.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamins - their meaning and common examples; Soaps and detergents

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises - Acids bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4. Detection of hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone).

 

For Most important topics of Physics, click on the link below:

AIIMS 2019 Physics: Most important Topics

For Most important topics of Biology, click on the link below:

AIIMS 2019 Biology: Most important Topics

 

All the best!!

Team BYJU'S Exam Prep

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