1. Assertive or declarative sentence —Those which make sentences. Statements are the sentences that state or declare something. They are also called Assertive or Declarative sentences.
Ex: The earth moves around the sun (Affirmative).
I will not go there (Negative).
2. Interrogative sentence - A sentence that asks a question is called an Interrogative sentence.
Ex: Why is she late today?
Who has not finished the work?
3. Imperative sentence---A sentence which expresses commands, request or a desire is called an Imperative sentence.
Ex: Lend me some money, please.
Go to the market at once.
4. Exclamatory sentence---A sentence which expresses strong or sudden feelings is called an Exclamatory sentence.
Ex: What a beautiful building!
How hot it is!
5. Optative sentence---A sentence which wishes, prayer or blessings is called an Optative sentence.
Ex: May you live long!
He prayed that God might bless me.
Parts of a Sentence
1. Subject
2. Predicate
1. SUBJECT—The subject is the person, place, thing or idea about whom or which something is being said.
2. PREDICATE--- Whatever is said about the subject is called predicate.
Subject: Kites, We, Lions
Predicate: fly, slept, cooked and roar
Note- Here subjects are noun or pronoun and predicates are the verb. But they have other parts too.
- In a Declarative sentence---The milkman brings milk.
Here “milkman” is the subject and “brings milk” is the predicate.
- In an Interrogative sentence---Has anyone seen Harry?
Here “anyone” is the subject and “Has seen Harry ? ” is the predicate.
- In an Imperative sentence---You keep off the grass.
Here “You” is the subject and “Keep off the grass” is the predicate.
- In an Exclamation sentence---How brittle this coal seems!
Here “This coal” is the subject and “seems how brittle ! ” is the predicate.
- In an Optative sentence---He prayed that God might bless me.
Here “He” is the subject and “prayed that God might bless me” is the predicate.
Analysing a sentence into subject and predicate
Three points must be kept in mind in the division and analysis of the sentence.
1) The word-order is not necessarily a guide to the division of the sentence. The normal order, first subject and then predicate may be altered for purposes of emphasis.
Ex-- Never home came she.
Here “she” is the subject and “never came home ” is the predicate.
The subject has been placed not first, but last, in the sentence.
2) It is advisable to reconstruct in our minds sentences in the form of questions and commands into the normal order of a statement-sentence before deciding on the subject and the predicate .
Ex---What are you doing? You are doing what?
Here “you” is the subject and “are doing what ” is the predicate
3) See all words in the sentence are attached to the part, the subject or the predicate, to which they naturally belong. Consider two sentences:
a) The dog curled up before the fire.
Here “The dog” is the subject and “curled up before the fire” is the predicate.
But suppose the sentence reads:
b) The dog exhausted after his long chase, curled up before the fire.
Does “exhausted after his long chase” tell us about a dog or does it tell about the curling up? It describes the dog, therefore it belongs to the subject. Does “before the fire” tell us about the dog or the curling up? It says where the do curl, therefore it belongs to the predicate.
EXERCISE :
1. The Cardinal drew off each plum-coloured shoe.
2. Two nice little boys, rather more than grown, carried lavender bags.
3. Have you ever seen a dream walking?
4. How daintily she treads, like a cat on hot bricks!
5. With what disdain your glower upon me!
6. Never was heard such a terrible curse.
7. Consumers don’t like to spend too much on gasoline.
8. Small cars use less gasoline than large vehicles.
9. Some owners of large cars have traded them for smaller models.
10. Many larger vehicles have an extra tax on them.
SOLUTION:
1. Subject — The Cardinal
Predicate — drew off each plum-coloured shoe
2. Subject—Two nice little boys, rather more than grown
Predicate—carried lavender bags
3. Subject—you
Predicate— have ever seen a dream walking?
4. Subject—She
Predicate—treads, like a cat on hot bricks!
5. Subject—your
Predicate—disdain glower upon me
6. Subject—such a terrible curse
Predicate— Never was heard
7. Subject—Consumers
Predicate— don’t like to spend too much on gasoline
8. Subject—Small cars
Predicate— use less gasoline than large vehicles
9. Subject— Some owners of large cars
Predicate— have traded them for smaller models
10. Subject— Many larger vehicles
Predicate— have an extra tax on them
Comments
write a comment