Daily Current Affairs for Law Exams: 19th-20th June 2020

1. British Petroleum to set up Global Business Service Centre in Pune

• Petroleum major British Petroleum (BP) has announced to set up a major centre for its Global Business Services (GBS) operations in Pune.
• It will support digital innovations in BP across the world along with employing 2000 people.
• The centre will begin its operation by Jan 2021
• It will also provide business processing and advanced analytics capabilities for better outcomes and cutting-edge digital solutions
• MOP&NG Minister: Dharmendra Pradhan.

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2. World Refugee Day is observed on 20th June

• World Refugee Day is observed on 20th June every year to raise awareness about the conditions and problems that refugee faces in their lives.
• The theme for WRD-2020 is ‘Every Action Counts.'
• A refugee is someone who fled his or her home and country owing to “well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion”, according to the United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention.

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3. India will be UN Security Council President for August 2021

• India will serve as the President (rotating) of the powerful 15-nation UN body for the month of August 2021.
• Earlier, India, Norway, Ireland, Mexico and Kenya were elected as the non-permanent members of the UNSC for a two-year term beginning January 1, 2021.
• Tunisia will begin 2021 as the President of the Council in January, followed by a month each for the rest of the year by the UK, the US, Vietnam, China, Estonia, France, India, Ireland, Kenya, Mexico and Niger.

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4. Veteran economist B.P.R. Vithal passes away

• Former IAS officer (1950 batch) & Veteran economist B.P.R. Vithal (93-years) passed away. 
• He also served as the Secretary, Finance and Planning, Government of Andhra Pradesh from (1972 to 1982).
• He was also Chairman, Expenditure Commission, the government of Kerala.
• He established the Centre for Economic and Social Studies, Hyderabad.

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5. Sports Ministry to establish 1000 district-level Khelo India centers

• The Union Government has decided to establish 1000 Khelo India Centers (KIC) at the district level across the country.
• These centres will either be run by a past champion or have them as coaches.
• The move is to tap into the expertise of past sporting champions for grassroots-level training of athletes and also to ensure a sustained source of income for them in the sports ecosystem.
• Union Sports Minister: Kiren Rijiju

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6. Volkan Bozkir elected as the President of 75th UN General Assembly

• Turkish diplomat Volkan Bozkir has been elected as the President of 75th UN General Assembly through secret ballot voting.
• He received 178 votes and stood unopposed for the post.
• His term will begin from September 2020.
• He is presently serving as a Justice and Development Party lawmaker from Istanbul and head of the Turkish Parliament's Foreign Affairs Committee.
• Bozkir is the 1^st Turkish national to head the General Assembly.
• Current President: Muhammad-Bande

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7. ICICI HFC launched SARAL scheme for affordable housing loan

• ICICI Home Finance (ICICI HFC) has launched scheme for Affordable Housing Loan ‘SARAL’ in urban as well as rural areas.
• The scheme is developed for women, lower-middle-income customers and economically weaker section who have a maximum annual household income up to Rs 6 lakhs.
• The interest rate will be around 7.98% onwards.
• Loan amount can be upto Rs 35 lakh for a tenure of 20 years.
• Pre-existing loans can also be transferred in this scheme.
• MD & CEO: Anirudh Kamani

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8. Formal employment in India grew by 28.6% in 2019-20

• EPFO payroll data revealed the growth of formal employment in India by 28.6% in 2019-20.
• The reason behind the growth is govt reforms like GST, fixed-term contracts and lower exits by EPFO subscribers due to better PF returns.
• Tops sectors of increased employment: Hospitality and financial institutions, followed by textile sector.
• As per the EPFO data, net additions to EPFO is 78.58 lakh in 2019-20 compared to 61.12 lakh in 2018-19.
• PF Commissioner: Sunil Barthwal

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9. Aizawl’s Rajiv Gandhi stadium to be upgraded as KISCE

• Union Sports Minister Kiren Rijiju has announced the upgradation of Aizawl’s Rajiv Gandhi Stadium, Mizoram as Khelo India State Centre of Excellence (KISCE) under Khelo India Scheme.
• It will enhance the existing talent in the region towards India’s dream of excellence in Olympics.
• KISCE is a new initiative in which Ministry will establish or upgrade stadium as Centre of excellence in each state and UT for robust sport ecosystem
• Governor: P. S. Sreedharan Pillai

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10. ADB forecasts the Indian economy to contract by 4% in 2020-21

• Asian Development Bank (ADB) in its outlook supplement forecasted Indian Economy to contract by 4% during the current financial year (2020-21)
• As per ADB, countries in Developing Asia (40 members of ADB) will barely grow in 2020 with overall growth rate of 0.1% which is the lowest growth since 1961.
• China as an exception will grow by 1.8% in 2020.
• India’s economy will recover in 2021 by 5% growth rate.
• ADB HQ: Manila, Philippines
• President: Masatsugu Asakawa.

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11. India to send 75 Tri-Service members in Victory Day Parade of WW II

• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh has agreed to send Tri-Service contingent of 75 members to participated in the 75^th Victory Day Parade of World War II in Moscow.
• The parade will be held on June 24, 2020.
• It will be held to honour the heroism and sacrifices made by the Russian and other countries in WW II.
• India’s participation in the parade will mark tribute and solidarity to Russia during the remembrance of Great Patriotic War heroes.
• WW II took place from 1939 to 1945

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12. Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve 

• Recently, the Maharashtra Forest Department has successfully captured the tiger of Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) that had killed five persons in the past five months.

About Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve

• It is a Tiger reserve in Chandrapur district of Maharashtra state in central India. 
• It is notable as Maharashtra's oldest and largest National Park. 
• It is established as second Tiger Reserve in the Maharashtra State, in 1994- 95. 
• The first Tiger Reserve established in the State is Melghat Tiger Reserve established in 1973-74. 

Important National Park of Maharashtra in news

• Sanjay Gandhi National Park, which is one of the major national parks existing within a metropolis limit, is recently in the news due to death of last captive white tiger Bajirao.
• Thane Creek flamingo sanctuary is in the news due to concerns over ambitious bullet train project between Ahmedabad-Mumbai.
• Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary it is in the news due to Indian gaur (Vulnerable) spotted in the sanctuary for the first time in recorded history.

Other national Park in Maharashtra

• Gugamal National Park, Maharashtra
• Navegaon National Park, Maharashtra
• Pench National Park, Madhya Pradesh
• Chandoli National Park, Maharashtra

Source- The Hindu

13. World Crocodile Day

• World Crocodile day or World Croc day is celebrated on the 17th of June every year.
• It is a global awareness campaign to highlight the plight of endangered crocodiles and alligators around the world. 

About the Crocodile 

There are three spices of Crocodile found in India which includes 

1. A mugger or Marsh Crocodile
2. Gharial or River water Crocodile
3. Estuarine or Saltwater Crocodile 

About Mugger

• The mugger crocodile also called the Indian Crocodile, or marsh crocodile is found throughout the Indian subcontinent.
• It is listed as vulnerable by IUCN.
• The mugger is mainly a freshwater species and found in lakes, rivers and marshes.

About Gharial

• The Gharial or fish-eating crocodile is native to the Indian subcontinent. It is listed as a Critically Endangered by IUCN.
• Recently there is an increasing population of Gharial found in the rivers of the National Chambal Sanctuary, Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Son River Sanctuary, Satkosia Gorge Sanctuary and also in Chambal Lake.

Saltwater Crocodile

• It is the largest of all living reptiles. It listed as least concern by IUCN. It is found throughout the east coast of India.

Indian Crocodile Conservation Project

• The Crocodile Conservation Project was launched in 1975 in different States.
• The Gharial and Saltwater crocodile conservation programme was first implemented in Odisha in early 1975, and subsequently, the Mugger conservation programme was initiated.
• Gharial crocodile project started in Tikarpada (1975) aims to increase the sighting to five crocodiles per kilometre length of water.

CrocBITE

• It is an online database of crocodile attacks reported on humans.
• The non-profit online research tool helps to analyze crocodile behaviour via complex models scientifically.
• The database provides key insights into crocodile attack patterns and draws inferences to save human lives.
• This is the only database of its kind with such a comprehensive collection of information made available online.

Source- Hindustan Times

14. International Criminal Court

• Recently US President has authorized sanctions against International Criminal Court (ICC) officials involved in investigations into possible war crimes by US troops or those of its allies.

 About International Criminal Court

• It is a permanent judicial body created by the 1998 Rome Statute which entered into force on July 1, 2002.
• It has 123 nations are States Parties to the Rome Statute and recognize the ICC’s authority. The notable exceptions being the US, China, Russia and India.

Jurisdiction

• It has jurisdiction over four crimes:

1. Genocide
2. Crimes against humanity
3. War crimes
4. The crime of aggression.

• The headquarter of International Criminal Court is in The Hague, Netherlands.

Note:

International Court of Justice V/s International Criminal Court

• The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the ICC is not part of the United Nations system, with the UN-ICC relationship being governed by a separate agreement. 
• The International Court of Justice, which is among the UN’s six principal organs, mainly hears disputes between nations. 
• The ICC, on the other hand, prosecutes individuals– its authority extending to offences committed in a member state or by a national of such a state.

Source- Indian Express

15. International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in conflict

• The sixth annual International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict 2020 is being observed on 19 June.

About the International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in conflict

• The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 19 June of each year the International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict on 19 June 2015.
• The date was chosen to commemorate the adoption on 19 June 2008 of Security Council resolution 1820 (2008), in which the Council condemned sexual violence as a tactic of war and an impediment to peacebuilding.

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