Study Notes on Important terms on ICT for Paper-1

Hacker

• Although a lot of people hear the word ‘hacker’ and think that they are cybercriminals.
• A hacker is a person who with technical expertise overcome a challenge or add additional feature.
• Hackers are requested to test the security of a network by system administrators.
• There are many different types of hackers. For example ‘White hat’.
• White hat hacker is a computer security expert who works with organizations to find cybersecurity vulnerabilities in order to fix them.
• White hat hackers are also called as ethical hackers.
• Black hat hacker is the cybercriminals who use their technical expertise to break into the network to steal data.

Hard copy

• A hard copy is a printed document as opposed to soft copy which is visible on your laptop or computer.
• It may be a text file, drawing, photography or any other form of a file that is printable.

Hard drive

• It is a non-volatile data storage device.
• It is installed in a computer, attached directly to the disk controller of the computer’s motherboard.

Hardware

• It refers to the physical parts of a computer and related devices.
• Internal hardware is hard drives, motherboards and RAM.
• External hardware is keyboards, monitors, mice, scanners and printers.

Home page

• It is a webpage that severs as the starting point of the website.
• It is the default webpage that loads when you visit a web address that only contains a domain name.
• For example, visiting https://byjusexamprep.comm will display BYJU'S Exam Prep homepage.
• The main page provides information about the site, greet visitors or direct viewers to other pages on the site.

HTML

• It stands for ‘Hypertext Markup Language’.
• It is the language that is used to create web pages.
• Hypertext refers to the hyperlinks that an HTML page contain.
• Markup language refers to the way tags are used to define the page elements and layout within the page.

HTTP

• It stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• It is the protocol used to transfer data over the web.
• It is the first portion of all URL addresses on the World Wide Web.

HTTPS

• It stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure.
• It is the same thing as HTTP but it uses a secure socket layer (SSL) for security purposes.
• Some of the examples that uses this are: e-commerce websites, investment websites and the websites that requires user to log in.

Hyperlink

• It is a phrase or a word or an image that makes the user jump to a new document within the document.
• These are found in almost all the webpages, allowing the user to click their way from 
• Texts that hyperlinked are mostly highlighted or underlined.

Hypermedia

• It integrates graphics, audio or video through links embedded in the main program.
• It is an extension of hypertext that allows movies, images and flash animations to be linked to other content.

Hypertext

• It is a text that links to other information.
• A user jumps to different content by clicking on a link in a hypertext document.
• Most Web pages include hypertext links to other pages at that site, or to other sites on the World Wide Web.

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We hope you all understood the Important Terms related to ICT for Paper-1 for UGC NET Exam 2021.

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