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Reading Comprehension || RC PRACTICE SET - 8 || CAT 2021 || 22 April

Attempt now to get your rank among 268 students!

Question 1

Direction: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of these.

Fish, marine mammals, and seabirds are being injured and killed by plastic pollution, and it is believed that 700 species could go extinct because of it. Current estimates suggest that at least 267 species worldwide have been affected, including 84% of sea turtle species, 44% of all seabird species, and 43% of all marine mammal species. Deaths are chiefly caused by the ingestion of plastics, starvation, suffocation, infection, drowning, and entanglement.

It is claimed that one in three marine mammals have been found caught up in some type of marine litter with 90% of seabirds traced with plastic pieces in their stomachs. Seabirds who feed on the surface of the ocean are especially likely to ingest plastics that float, and then feed this to their chicks leading to their death and near extinction.

Even the deepest sea creatures cannot escape plastic pollution; samples taken by scientists at the Scottish Association for Marine Science of the Western Isles found that 48% of creatures had plastic in them, at a depth of 2,000 m. It was mostly polyethylene and polyesters from shopping bags and clothing - which makes it was into the water via washing machine wastewater.

Plastic has been slowly accumulating in the marine environment since the 1960s, to the point that we now have huge masses of plastic floating in the oceans and other waste plastics washing up on the once beautifully clean beaches around the world. It is estimated that there are 1 million pieces of plastic of varying sizes per square mile, with a further 8 million tons of plastic entering the oceans per year.

However, it is not just large pieces of plastic that are causing havoc with the marine environment. Household and cosmetic products laced with microplastics designed to scrub and clean, too small to be caught by water filtration systems, also add to the severity.

These microplastics, along with nurdles - lentil sized pieces of plastic that end up in the oceans as a result of mishandling or accidental spills - can be ingested by ocean wildlife and accumulate up the food chain, even reaching humans.

Plastic is cheap and versatile, making it ideal for many applications, but many of its useful qualities have led to it becoming an environmental problem. The human population has developed a disposable lifestyle: it is estimated that 50% of plastics are used once before being thrown away. Plastic is a valuable resource but polluting the planet with it, is deadly!

We need our planet – ocean and land included - to survive.

Source: https://www.azocleantech.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=729

Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE as per the passage?

Question 2

Direction: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of these.

Fish, marine mammals, and seabirds are being injured and killed by plastic pollution, and it is believed that 700 species could go extinct because of it. Current estimates suggest that at least 267 species worldwide have been affected, including 84% of sea turtle species, 44% of all seabird species, and 43% of all marine mammal species. Deaths are chiefly caused by the ingestion of plastics, starvation, suffocation, infection, drowning, and entanglement.

It is claimed that one in three marine mammals have been found caught up in some type of marine litter with 90% of seabirds traced with plastic pieces in their stomachs. Seabirds who feed on the surface of the ocean are especially likely to ingest plastics that float, and then feed this to their chicks leading to their death and near extinction.

Even the deepest sea creatures cannot escape plastic pollution; samples taken by scientists at the Scottish Association for Marine Science of the Western Isles found that 48% of creatures had plastic in them, at a depth of 2,000 m. It was mostly polyethylene and polyesters from shopping bags and clothing - which makes it was into the water via washing machine wastewater.

Plastic has been slowly accumulating in the marine environment since the 1960s, to the point that we now have huge masses of plastic floating in the oceans and other waste plastics washing up on the once beautifully clean beaches around the world. It is estimated that there are 1 million pieces of plastic of varying sizes per square mile, with a further 8 million tons of plastic entering the oceans per year.

However, it is not just large pieces of plastic that are causing havoc with the marine environment. Household and cosmetic products laced with microplastics designed to scrub and clean, too small to be caught by water filtration systems, also add to the severity.

These microplastics, along with nurdles - lentil sized pieces of plastic that end up in the oceans as a result of mishandling or accidental spills - can be ingested by ocean wildlife and accumulate up the food chain, even reaching humans.

Plastic is cheap and versatile, making it ideal for many applications, but many of its useful qualities have led to it becoming an environmental problem. The human population has developed a disposable lifestyle: it is estimated that 50% of plastics are used once before being thrown away. Plastic is a valuable resource but polluting the planet with it, is deadly!

We need our planet – ocean and land included - to survive.

Source: https://www.azocleantech.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=729

What harmful contents found in shopping bags and clothes cause harm to marine life?
I. Polyethylene 
II. Ethanol
III. Polyesters

Question 3

Which one among the following is the new CEO of Railway board?

Question 4

Direction: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of these.

Fish, marine mammals, and seabirds are being injured and killed by plastic pollution, and it is believed that 700 species could go extinct because of it. Current estimates suggest that at least 267 species worldwide have been affected, including 84% of sea turtle species, 44% of all seabird species, and 43% of all marine mammal species. Deaths are chiefly caused by the ingestion of plastics, starvation, suffocation, infection, drowning, and entanglement.

It is claimed that one in three marine mammals have been found caught up in some type of marine litter with 90% of seabirds traced with plastic pieces in their stomachs. Seabirds who feed on the surface of the ocean are especially likely to ingest plastics that float, and then feed this to their chicks leading to their death and near extinction.

Even the deepest sea creatures cannot escape plastic pollution; samples taken by scientists at the Scottish Association for Marine Science of the Western Isles found that 48% of creatures had plastic in them, at a depth of 2,000 m. It was mostly polyethylene and polyesters from shopping bags and clothing - which makes it was into the water via washing machine wastewater.

Plastic has been slowly accumulating in the marine environment since the 1960s, to the point that we now have huge masses of plastic floating in the oceans and other waste plastics washing up on the once beautifully clean beaches around the world. It is estimated that there are 1 million pieces of plastic of varying sizes per square mile, with a further 8 million tons of plastic entering the oceans per year.

However, it is not just large pieces of plastic that are causing havoc with the marine environment. Household and cosmetic products laced with microplastics designed to scrub and clean, too small to be caught by water filtration systems, also add to the severity.

These microplastics, along with nurdles - lentil sized pieces of plastic that end up in the oceans as a result of mishandling or accidental spills - can be ingested by ocean wildlife and accumulate up the food chain, even reaching humans.

Plastic is cheap and versatile, making it ideal for many applications, but many of its useful qualities have led to it becoming an environmental problem. The human population has developed a disposable lifestyle: it is estimated that 50% of plastics are used once before being thrown away. Plastic is a valuable resource but polluting the planet with it, is deadly!

We need our planet – ocean and land included - to survive.

Source: https://www.azocleantech.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=729

Which of the following is most similar in meaning to the given word highlighted in the passage?
Ingest

Question 5

Direction: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of these.

Fish, marine mammals, and seabirds are being injured and killed by plastic pollution, and it is believed that 700 species could go extinct because of it. Current estimates suggest that at least 267 species worldwide have been affected, including 84% of sea turtle species, 44% of all seabird species, and 43% of all marine mammal species. Deaths are chiefly caused by the ingestion of plastics, starvation, suffocation, infection, drowning, and entanglement.

It is claimed that one in three marine mammals have been found caught up in some type of marine litter with 90% of seabirds traced with plastic pieces in their stomachs. Seabirds who feed on the surface of the ocean are especially likely to ingest plastics that float, and then feed this to their chicks leading to their death and near extinction.

Even the deepest sea creatures cannot escape plastic pollution; samples taken by scientists at the Scottish Association for Marine Science of the Western Isles found that 48% of creatures had plastic in them, at a depth of 2,000 m. It was mostly polyethylene and polyesters from shopping bags and clothing - which makes it was into the water via washing machine wastewater.

Plastic has been slowly accumulating in the marine environment since the 1960s, to the point that we now have huge masses of plastic floating in the oceans and other waste plastics washing up on the once beautifully clean beaches around the world. It is estimated that there are 1 million pieces of plastic of varying sizes per square mile, with a further 8 million tons of plastic entering the oceans per year.

However, it is not just large pieces of plastic that are causing havoc with the marine environment. Household and cosmetic products laced with microplastics designed to scrub and clean, too small to be caught by water filtration systems, also add to the severity.

These microplastics, along with nurdles - lentil sized pieces of plastic that end up in the oceans as a result of mishandling or accidental spills - can be ingested by ocean wildlife and accumulate up the food chain, even reaching humans.

Plastic is cheap and versatile, making it ideal for many applications, but many of its useful qualities have led to it becoming an environmental problem. The human population has developed a disposable lifestyle: it is estimated that 50% of plastics are used once before being thrown away. Plastic is a valuable resource but polluting the planet with it, is deadly!

We need our planet – ocean and land included - to survive.

Source: https://www.azocleantech.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=729

Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to the given word highlighted in the passage?

Severity

Question 6

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the following questions.

Three years ago, Bitcoin’s historic surge dominated Thanksgiving dinner conversations. This year, the cryptocurrency is in the midst of another notable rally and yet almost no one’s talking about it. How fevered has Bitcoin’s latest leg higher been? With the coin trading around $16,800, it’s been more expensive in only five other instances in the past decade, Bloomberg data show. All of those came during the 1,375% surge in 2017 that saw it reach close to $20,000 before a spectacular plunge wiped out 70% over the next year. A cross above $17,000 would mark its fifth-highest closing price ever.

“The fascination with it has worn off. You have the hardcore ‘I’m a cryptocurrency investor’ group but it hasn’t really expanded because it’s been so volatile, there have been so many questions around security and what regulations might do,” said Kathy Jones, chief fixed income strategist for Schwab Center for Financial Research. “The number of questions I get on it now is a fraction of what I got a couple of years ago when it was really hot.”

“It’s kind of in the shadows right now,” said Bryce Doty, portfolio manager at Sit Fixed Income Advisors. “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade. As stocks and everything else have done better and people have forgotten about trade wars and things have been eclipsed by the pandemic, Bitcoin has taken a back seat to all of that.”

Guy Hirsch, managing director for U.S. at multi-asset brokerage eToro, is tracking a slightly non-traditional gauge of sentiment: the total number of Tweets that mention Bitcoin on a daily basis. At the height of the crypto boom, he was seeing around 120,000 Bitcoin-related tweets a day. That number now oscillates between 30,000 and 60,000, according to data from eToro and The Tie.

Greg King, chief executive officer of Osprey Funds, a subsidiary of REX Shares that runs a Bitcoin trust, says the excitement’s there “but I think it’s a more grounded excitement.” He added: “The longer that Bitcoin persists and the more on-ramps that get built and the more that interest increases, I think it’s becoming more and more real in investor’s minds -- everyone has progressed three years further down the adoption curve.”

In the first paragraph, there are two sentences which are italicized. What is the author trying to convey from these sentences?

Question 7

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the following questions.

Three years ago, Bitcoin’s historic surge dominated Thanksgiving dinner conversations. This year, the cryptocurrency is in the midst of another notable rally and yet almost no one’s talking about it. How fevered has Bitcoin’s latest leg higher been? With the coin trading around $16,800, it’s been more expensive in only five other instances in the past decade, Bloomberg data show. All of those came during the 1,375% surge in 2017 that saw it reach close to $20,000 before a spectacular plunge wiped out 70% over the next year. A cross above $17,000 would mark its fifth-highest closing price ever.

“The fascination with it has worn off. You have the hardcore ‘I’m a cryptocurrency investor’ group but it hasn’t really expanded because it’s been so volatile, there have been so many questions around security and what regulations might do,” said Kathy Jones, chief fixed income strategist for Schwab Center for Financial Research. “The number of questions I get on it now is a fraction of what I got a couple of years ago when it was really hot.”

“It’s kind of in the shadows right now,” said Bryce Doty, portfolio manager at Sit Fixed Income Advisors. “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade. As stocks and everything else have done better and people have forgotten about trade wars and things have been eclipsed by the pandemic, Bitcoin has taken a back seat to all of that.”

Guy Hirsch, managing director for U.S. at multi-asset brokerage eToro, is tracking a slightly non-traditional gauge of sentiment: the total number of Tweets that mention Bitcoin on a daily basis. At the height of the crypto boom, he was seeing around 120,000 Bitcoin-related tweets a day. That number now oscillates between 30,000 and 60,000, according to data from eToro and The Tie.

Greg King, chief executive officer of Osprey Funds, a subsidiary of REX Shares that runs a Bitcoin trust, says the excitement’s there “but I think it’s a more grounded excitement.” He added: “The longer that Bitcoin persists and the more on-ramps that get built and the more that interest increases, I think it’s becoming more and more real in investor’s minds -- everyone has progressed three years further down the adoption curve.”

Which of the following statement would support the fact that Cryptocurrency is losing its charm?

Question 8

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the following questions.

Three years ago, Bitcoin’s historic surge dominated Thanksgiving dinner conversations. This year, the cryptocurrency is in the midst of another notable rally and yet almost no one’s talking about it. How fevered has Bitcoin’s latest leg higher been? With the coin trading around $16,800, it’s been more expensive in only five other instances in the past decade, Bloomberg data show. All of those came during the 1,375% surge in 2017 that saw it reach close to $20,000 before a spectacular plunge wiped out 70% over the next year. A cross above $17,000 would mark its fifth-highest closing price ever.

“The fascination with it has worn off. You have the hardcore ‘I’m a cryptocurrency investor’ group but it hasn’t really expanded because it’s been so volatile, there have been so many questions around security and what regulations might do,” said Kathy Jones, chief fixed income strategist for Schwab Center for Financial Research. “The number of questions I get on it now is a fraction of what I got a couple of years ago when it was really hot.”

“It’s kind of in the shadows right now,” said Bryce Doty, portfolio manager at Sit Fixed Income Advisors. “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade. As stocks and everything else have done better and people have forgotten about trade wars and things have been eclipsed by the pandemic, Bitcoin has taken a back seat to all of that.”

Guy Hirsch, managing director for U.S. at multi-asset brokerage eToro, is tracking a slightly non-traditional gauge of sentiment: the total number of Tweets that mention Bitcoin on a daily basis. At the height of the crypto boom, he was seeing around 120,000 Bitcoin-related tweets a day. That number now oscillates between 30,000 and 60,000, according to data from eToro and The Tie.

Greg King, chief executive officer of Osprey Funds, a subsidiary of REX Shares that runs a Bitcoin trust, says the excitement’s there “but I think it’s a more grounded excitement.” He added: “The longer that Bitcoin persists and the more on-ramps that get built and the more that interest increases, I think it’s becoming more and more real in investor’s minds -- everyone has progressed three years further down the adoption curve.”

Which of the following statement (if true) can be inferred from the given passage?

Question 9

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the following questions.

Three years ago, Bitcoin’s historic surge dominated Thanksgiving dinner conversations. This year, the cryptocurrency is in the midst of another notable rally and yet almost no one’s talking about it. How fevered has Bitcoin’s latest leg higher been? With the coin trading around $16,800, it’s been more expensive in only five other instances in the past decade, Bloomberg data show. All of those came during the 1,375% surge in 2017 that saw it reach close to $20,000 before a spectacular plunge wiped out 70% over the next year. A cross above $17,000 would mark its fifth-highest closing price ever.

“The fascination with it has worn off. You have the hardcore ‘I’m a cryptocurrency investor’ group but it hasn’t really expanded because it’s been so volatile, there have been so many questions around security and what regulations might do,” said Kathy Jones, chief fixed income strategist for Schwab Center for Financial Research. “The number of questions I get on it now is a fraction of what I got a couple of years ago when it was really hot.”

“It’s kind of in the shadows right now,” said Bryce Doty, portfolio manager at Sit Fixed Income Advisors. “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade. As stocks and everything else have done better and people have forgotten about trade wars and things have been eclipsed by the pandemic, Bitcoin has taken a back seat to all of that.”

Guy Hirsch, managing director for U.S. at multi-asset brokerage eToro, is tracking a slightly non-traditional gauge of sentiment: the total number of Tweets that mention Bitcoin on a daily basis. At the height of the crypto boom, he was seeing around 120,000 Bitcoin-related tweets a day. That number now oscillates between 30,000 and 60,000, according to data from eToro and The Tie.

Greg King, chief executive officer of Osprey Funds, a subsidiary of REX Shares that runs a Bitcoin trust, says the excitement’s there “but I think it’s a more grounded excitement.” He added: “The longer that Bitcoin persists and the more on-ramps that get built and the more that interest increases, I think it’s becoming more and more real in investor’s minds -- everyone has progressed three years further down the adoption curve.”

Despite cryptocurrency showing a positive trend Investors are sceptical about investing in it because of 

I. a large degree of unpredictability in the trading price

II. loss in trust due to the past crashes in the market

III. uncertainty of the prospects owing to the regulations

Question 10

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the following questions.

Three years ago, Bitcoin’s historic surge dominated Thanksgiving dinner conversations. This year, the cryptocurrency is in the midst of another notable rally and yet almost no one’s talking about it. How fevered has Bitcoin’s latest leg higher been? With the coin trading around $16,800, it’s been more expensive in only five other instances in the past decade, Bloomberg data show. All of those came during the 1,375% surge in 2017 that saw it reach close to $20,000 before a spectacular plunge wiped out 70% over the next year. A cross above $17,000 would mark its fifth-highest closing price ever.

“The fascination with it has worn off. You have the hardcore ‘I’m a cryptocurrency investor’ group but it hasn’t really expanded because it’s been so volatile, there have been so many questions around security and what regulations might do,” said Kathy Jones, chief fixed income strategist for Schwab Center for Financial Research. “The number of questions I get on it now is a fraction of what I got a couple of years ago when it was really hot.”

“It’s kind of in the shadows right now,” said Bryce Doty, portfolio manager at Sit Fixed Income Advisors. “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade. As stocks and everything else have done better and people have forgotten about trade wars and things have been eclipsed by the pandemic, Bitcoin has taken a back seat to all of that.”

Guy Hirsch, managing director for U.S. at multi-asset brokerage eToro, is tracking a slightly non-traditional gauge of sentiment: the total number of Tweets that mention Bitcoin on a daily basis. At the height of the crypto boom, he was seeing around 120,000 Bitcoin-related tweets a day. That number now oscillates between 30,000 and 60,000, according to data from eToro and The Tie.

Greg King, chief executive officer of Osprey Funds, a subsidiary of REX Shares that runs a Bitcoin trust, says the excitement’s there “but I think it’s a more grounded excitement.” He added: “The longer that Bitcoin persists and the more on-ramps that get built and the more that interest increases, I think it’s becoming more and more real in investor’s minds -- everyone has progressed three years further down the adoption curve.”

What does the author mean when he said, “Bitcoin gets attention when it looks like the world is coming to an end, it’s the anti-vaccine trade”
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