Reading Comprehension || RC PRACTICE SET - 12 || CAT 2021 || 1 May

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Startups cannot operate in a vacuum, they need a supporting eco-system to nurture them. Entrepreneurs have been setting up businesses in India since the kingdom came into existence. How did this community sustain entrepreneurship over the ages? By developing a sustainable eco-system that matched the needs of the traditional businesses.
The core of this eco-system is the incubation facility within the business that enabled the next generation entrepreneur to dabble in incremental innovation, funded by angel funding drawn from the surplus generated by the cash cow of the business. Prototypes were developed and test marketed through access to vendors and distributors and the sales force. Timely customer feedback on the prototype led to building the minimum viable product and the soft market launch.
Those from non-business communities lacked the vital eco-system for creating a startup. Education, particularly technical education, drew them as a means for joining ‘service’ and pursuing a rising career which they considered superior to dhandha.
However, the emergence of technology as the key driver of a venture and the consequent necessity of professional education for new venture creation has forever botched up the age-old divergence in mindset. Leading the tech charge has been Information Technology which required the founding team to have computer science graduates. Moreover, these technology-based new-age businesses qualified as ventures and not dhandha in the minds of first-generation entrepreneurs from the non-business community and so were acceptable.
Along with the technology came the professional network or eco-system – with substantial support from US-based NRIs.  Indians in the USA, irrespective of their surnames, pursued knowledge-based new venture creation with vigour and succeeded with support from the eco-system. Over the past couple of decades, an equivalent eco-system has been getting in place in the country for the new age ventures starting with the well-intentioned mentor and gradually extending to growth-stage investors who are the Venture Capitalists and Private Equity players, and not excluding the markets – from US-based customers for the IT ventures right down to Tier 3 city-based consumers for the e-commerce ventures!
E-Cells in Engineering colleges has been influential in triggering awareness, interest, desire and action toward entrepreneurship among students from non-business communities. The catalyst for encouraging college managements to set up E-Cells was NEN, the National Entrepreneurship Network, set up by the US-based Wadhwani Foundation.  Besides E-Cells, the number of higher education institutions setting up incubation centres is increasing with private players chipping in by rolling out startup accelerators. However, the paucity of experienced mentors and domain experts restricts the effectiveness of these institutions. Entrepreneurship is the youngest academic discipline in India, little more than a decade in existence. This is leading to a mismatch between the start-up entrepreneurs’ need and the availability of faculty and mentor expertise.

Is the government doing anything to promote first-generation entrepreneurship? Of course. Much is expected from the follow-up steps to the Start Up India initiative launched on 16th January. In a fundamental way, the vision for Start Up India parallels that of the Green and White Revolutions, which had champions – Dr Swaminathan and Dr Kurian - to both sets the vision and execute sustainably at the grass-root level.
So now India generates entrepreneurs from all communities, whether first-generation entrepreneurs from non-business communities or next-generation members from traditional family businesses. Truly a remarkable feat achieved in less than 3 decades!

Source: https://www.forbesindia.com/article/spjimr/entrepreneurship-in-india-then-and-now/46701/1

Covid-19, as the disease caused by the coronavirus is officially called, has infected more than 1.7 lakh people worldwide, killing more than 6,600. In India, the disease has so far caused two deaths and infected at least 114 people across 14 states.

Across the world, healthcare experts agree that the only way to control the rapidly spreading disease and avoid overburdening national healthcare systems is to practice social distancing and limit human-to-human interactions. In the past week, several states across India put this into action by closing down schools, colleges, malls and movie theatres and, in the case of Karnataka, even banning social events involving more than 50 people. In the private sector, many workplaces are either asking or allowing employees to work from home.

Auto driver Rajesh Kumar, for instance, has been plying fewer and fewer passengers every day for the past week, with his daily income dropping from Rs 800 to Rs 300 within days. “I have to keep working to support my family, and when passengers cough or sneeze in my auto, there is very little I can do about it,” said Kumar, who has been driving an auto in suburban Mumbai for the past 25 years. Kumar lives alone in a slum room and claims he has taken no precautions against coronavirus, because he believes it is a “rumour” that has been needlessly robbing him of his daily income. “If something bad has to happen, it will happen no matter what we do. I think people are just over-reacting to news in the media.”

While Raju Kamble, a sanitation worker, believes the coronavirus threat is real, he too is baffled by the “overreaction” of those in positions of privilege. “What is the big deal about this disease? Safai karmacharis suffer from cough, cold, viral fever and breathing problems all the time,” said Kamble, whose services are particularly crucial to the city at a time like this, when public hygiene is so important. Kamble finds it ironic that Mumbai’s civic authorities and private contractors who hire sanitation workers are now providing many of them with face masks and gloves – protective gear that workers have been demanding for years as their right. “The government cares about providing us with masks and gloves only now, because of the media attention on the virus,” he said. “They don’t care about our health otherwise.”

Source: https://scroll.in/article/956385/coronavirus-they-cannot-work-from-home-or-follow-social-distancing-here-is-why

Covid-19, as the disease caused by the coronavirus is officially called, has infected more than 1.7 lakh people worldwide, killing more than 6,600. In India, the disease has so far caused two deaths and infected at least 114 people across 14 states.

Across the world, healthcare experts agree that the only way to control the rapidly spreading disease and avoid overburdening national healthcare systems is to practice social distancing and limit human-to-human interactions. In the past week, several states across India put this into action by closing down schools, colleges, malls and movie theatres and, in the case of Karnataka, even banning social events involving more than 50 people. In the private sector, many workplaces are either asking or allowing employees to work from home.

Auto driver Rajesh Kumar, for instance, has been plying fewer and fewer passengers every day for the past week, with his daily income dropping from Rs 800 to Rs 300 within days. “I have to keep working to support my family, and when passengers cough or sneeze in my auto, there is very little I can do about it,” said Kumar, who has been driving an auto in suburban Mumbai for the past 25 years. Kumar lives alone in a slum room and claims he has taken no precautions against coronavirus, because he believes it is a “rumour” that has been needlessly robbing him of his daily income. “If something bad has to happen, it will happen no matter what we do. I think people are just over-reacting to news in the media.”

While Raju Kamble, a sanitation worker, believes the coronavirus threat is real, he too is baffled by the “overreaction” of those in positions of privilege. “What is the big deal about this disease? Safai karmacharis suffer from cough, cold, viral fever and breathing problems all the time,” said Kamble, whose services are particularly crucial to the city at a time like this, when public hygiene is so important. Kamble finds it ironic that Mumbai’s civic authorities and private contractors who hire sanitation workers are now providing many of them with face masks and gloves – protective gear that workers have been demanding for years as their right. “The government cares about providing us with masks and gloves only now, because of the media attention on the virus,” he said. “They don’t care about our health otherwise.”

Source: https://scroll.in/article/956385/coronavirus-they-cannot-work-from-home-or-follow-social-distancing-here-is-why

Covid-19, as the disease caused by the coronavirus is officially called, has infected more than 1.7 lakh people worldwide, killing more than 6,600. In India, the disease has so far caused two deaths and infected at least 114 people across 14 states.

Across the world, healthcare experts agree that the only way to control the rapidly spreading disease and avoid overburdening national healthcare systems is to practice social distancing and limit human-to-human interactions. In the past week, several states across India put this into action by closing down schools, colleges, malls and movie theatres and, in the case of Karnataka, even banning social events involving more than 50 people. In the private sector, many workplaces are either asking or allowing employees to work from home.

Auto driver Rajesh Kumar, for instance, has been plying fewer and fewer passengers every day for the past week, with his daily income dropping from Rs 800 to Rs 300 within days. “I have to keep working to support my family, and when passengers cough or sneeze in my auto, there is very little I can do about it,” said Kumar, who has been driving an auto in suburban Mumbai for the past 25 years. Kumar lives alone in a slum room and claims he has taken no precautions against coronavirus, because he believes it is a “rumour” that has been needlessly robbing him of his daily income. “If something bad has to happen, it will happen no matter what we do. I think people are just over-reacting to news in the media.”

While Raju Kamble, a sanitation worker, believes the coronavirus threat is real, he too is baffled by the “overreaction” of those in positions of privilege. “What is the big deal about this disease? Safai karmacharis suffer from cough, cold, viral fever and breathing problems all the time,” said Kamble, whose services are particularly crucial to the city at a time like this, when public hygiene is so important. Kamble finds it ironic that Mumbai’s civic authorities and private contractors who hire sanitation workers are now providing many of them with face masks and gloves – protective gear that workers have been demanding for years as their right. “The government cares about providing us with masks and gloves only now, because of the media attention on the virus,” he said. “They don’t care about our health otherwise.”

Source: https://scroll.in/article/956385/coronavirus-they-cannot-work-from-home-or-follow-social-distancing-here-is-why

Covid-19, as the disease caused by the coronavirus is officially called, has infected more than 1.7 lakh people worldwide, killing more than 6,600. In India, the disease has so far caused two deaths and infected at least 114 people across 14 states.

Across the world, healthcare experts agree that the only way to control the rapidly spreading disease and avoid overburdening national healthcare systems is to practice social distancing and limit human-to-human interactions. In the past week, several states across India put this into action by closing down schools, colleges, malls and movie theatres and, in the case of Karnataka, even banning social events involving more than 50 people. In the private sector, many workplaces are either asking or allowing employees to work from home.

Auto driver Rajesh Kumar, for instance, has been plying fewer and fewer passengers every day for the past week, with his daily income dropping from Rs 800 to Rs 300 within days. “I have to keep working to support my family, and when passengers cough or sneeze in my auto, there is very little I can do about it,” said Kumar, who has been driving an auto in suburban Mumbai for the past 25 years. Kumar lives alone in a slum room and claims he has taken no precautions against coronavirus, because he believes it is a “rumour” that has been needlessly robbing him of his daily income. “If something bad has to happen, it will happen no matter what we do. I think people are just over-reacting to news in the media.”

While Raju Kamble, a sanitation worker, believes the coronavirus threat is real, he too is baffled by the “overreaction” of those in positions of privilege. “What is the big deal about this disease? Safai karmacharis suffer from cough, cold, viral fever and breathing problems all the time,” said Kamble, whose services are particularly crucial to the city at a time like this, when public hygiene is so important. Kamble finds it ironic that Mumbai’s civic authorities and private contractors who hire sanitation workers are now providing many of them with face masks and gloves – protective gear that workers have been demanding for years as their right. “The government cares about providing us with masks and gloves only now, because of the media attention on the virus,” he said. “They don’t care about our health otherwise.”

Source: https://scroll.in/article/956385/coronavirus-they-cannot-work-from-home-or-follow-social-distancing-here-is-why