What is Agriculture? 

The domestication of plants and animals is known as agriculture. It includes the cultivation of crops, animal husbandry, horticulture, viticulture, sericulture, silviculture, floriculture etc. Being located in tropical and subtropical latitudes, the greater part of the agricultural land of India can produce two or more than two crops in a year.

Indian Agriculture- Challenges

• Stunted Yield: The yield of most of the crops has not improved substantially and in some cases (wheat, gram, pulses, sugarcane and bajra) fluctuated downward.
• Soil Erosion: Soil Erosion, water-logging, reduction in underground water tables are some of the serious problems of Indian agriculture.
• Mismanagement of Public Distribution System: The Public Distribution System (PDS) is not working enough, lot of poor people are out of the reach of PDS till yet.
• Inadequate Marketing Facilities: In the greater parts of the country, including the areas of Green Revolution, the farmers are not getting remunerative prices.  

List of Agricultural Revolutions in India 

Major agricultural revolutions in India:

About Agricultural Revolutions:

Black Revolution: The government had initiated to increase the production of petroleum products, and to accelerate the production of ethanol, and to mix it up with petrol to produce biodiesel.

Pink Revolution: It used to denote the technological revolutions in the meat and poultry processing sector.

Grey Revolution: Grey revolution is related to increased fertilizer production. It is basically associated with the mal effects of the green revolution of India focusing on what can happen if the new agricultural equipment turns things wrong. 

White Revolution: It was launched by the Indian Government in 1970. The objective of this initiative is to develop and help the dairy industry sustain itself economically by developing a cooperative while providing employment to the poor farmers. This revolution helped in increasing of milk productivity and the milk products got sold at competitive market prices. The aim of the White Revolution was to make India one of the largest milk producers in the world.

Yellow Revolution: In the Yellow Revolution,  rising from the ‘net importer’ state, India achieved the status of a self-sufficient and net exporter. An all-time record of 25 million tonnes of oilseeds production from annual oilseed crops was attained during the early nineties.  

Green Revolution: It is a term coined to describe the emergence and diffusion of new seeds of cereals. Norman Borlaug is the father of the Green Revolution in the world, while M.S. Swaminathan is the father of the Green revolution in India. This revolution had led to an increase in higher-yielding varieties of seeds due to improved agronomic technology. It allowed the then-developing country, India, to overcome poor agricultural productivity. 

Silver Revolution: Due to this revolution, the country's production of eggs tremendously increased. which become possible due to medical science and more protein-rich food for the hens. 

Golden Revolution: In India, the period between 1991 to 2003 was known as the period of the Golden Revolution. This revolution made India a world leader in the production of bananas, mangoes, coconut & spices. Apart from it provided sustainable livelihood to the farmers and nutrition options to the common man.

Brown Revolution: This revolution began in Vizag (Andhra Pradesh) and it aims on meeting the demand for coffee from the developed nations by growing environment-friendly coffee. 

Blue Revolution: It related to the emergence of aquaculture as an important and highly productive agricultural activity in the country. It has brought improvement in aquaculture by adopting new techniques of fish breeding, fish rearing, fish marketing, and fish export. Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have developed shrimp in a big way. The Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh is known as the Shrimp Capital of India.

Golden Fiber Revolution: It is related to jute production. Jute gets used as a raw material in the fabric industry and processed jute is used for making strong threads and jute products.

Agricultural Revolution and Food Security:

• In India, these agricultural revolutions have lifted millions of people out of poverty by generating rural income opportunities for farmers and also give a competitive edge to the agricultural products in the market (comparing Indian and foreign goods). Also, it has provided various avenues for income diversification for farmers.
• These innovations helped India to become self-sufficient in agricultural production like grains, milk etc.
• After the White Revolution, there is an exponential rise in milk production which led to nutritional security among the masses.

Check OUT:

 

SSC Success Batch: A Comprehensive 10-Month Foundation Course 

3 Crore+ Registered Aspirants | 2.5 Crore Downloads | 50,000+ Selections

So why wait? Update your app right away!