Single-phase AC circuits

By Mona Kumari|Updated : February 8th, 2022

In this Chapter we will learn about SINGLE PHASE AC CIRCUITS,RMS (Root Mean Square) Value:

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BASIC TERMS

1.1 RMS (Root Mean Square) Value:

The voltage at which the heat dissipated in the ac circuit is equal to the heat dissipated in the dc circuit is called rms value of voltage provided both circuits have equal values of resistance and are operated for same time interval.

where, T is time period.

General formula:

If V(t) = V₀ + V₁sinwt + V₂sinwt + ……

Then

Above formula is applied only when all quantities as of different frequencies.

1.2 Average value:

The voltage at which the charge transferred in an ac circuit is equal to the charge transfer in dc circuit is called as the average value of voltage.

Where, T is time period of equal.

1.3 Form factor:

It is the ratio of RMS value of waveform to the average value of waveform

SINUSOIDAL STEADY STATE ANALYSIS

As we known that, response is mainly due to two responses that are natural response and forced response. Upto now we have studied forced responses due to dc source.

But in practical system, an independent source is mainly provided by ac source (sinusoidal source).

Circuits driven by sinusoidal voltage and current sources are called ac circuits.

Both sine and cosine come under sinusoidal sources.

Sinusoidal source, V(t) = V_msinwt

Where, V_m = maximum Amplitude

w = Angular frequency

wt = argument (radians)